When transcribed with this notation system some maqam scales happen to include quarter tones, while others don't. Arabic Scales ( Maqamat) Rast " Ansak " Song Sheet " Fatafet El Sokar " Music Sheet. "كواردات … Arabic music is then the accumulated body of such recognized scale patterns or groupings. The Persians divided their octave into 24 steps, so they must have used quarter tones. Many scales include "quartertone" intervals. A maqam scale has a lower (or first) jins and an upper (or second) jins. From Cairo to Tunisia, Damascus to Many scales include "quartertone" intervals. This lesson will serve as a guided musical tour of select sounds from across the globe. Moreover, the Arab music system of maqam does have the second degree as literally split exactly down the middle as a literal quarter tone. The remaining notes in a maqam scale may or may not exactly land on semitones. Forty-Five Arabic Musical Scales are taught in this book. Cameron explains all of this very nicely. The are many types of scales such as the Arabic Scale, the Pentatonic Scale, Blues Scales, etc. According to Helmholtz, the Arabic and Persian scales, and the Japanese and the Pacific scales are also within an octave. A: A, B, C#, D, Eb, F, G, A Maqam scales in traditional Arabic music are microtonal, not based on a twelve-tone equal-tempered musical tuning system, as is the case in modern Western music. Arabic Musical Scales: Basic Maqam Notation: Basic Maqam Teachings by Powers, Cameron (2006) Paperback | | ISBN: | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. Forty-Five Arabic Musical Scales are taught in this book. Symmetrical Heptatonic Scales aka Don't Be Scared by the Boring Title. Formula: Whole, Whole, Half, Half, Whole, Whole, Whole. Western classical music long ago settled on one mode—the familiar white-and-black piano key sequence. Scales from around the world can add an intriguing twist to your playing, giving you the sounds of the Far East, Middle East, Eastern Bloc and Latin America. Subscribe to: Posts (Atom) ArabicMusicSheets.blogspot.com . Arabic sheet music are normally transcribed on the Treble Clef since all Arabic music instruments (Oud, Kaman/Violin, Qanun, Nay, and oriental keyboard) use that same staff. Any good music/recording with Arabic, or Middle-eastern, theme/scale? You can hear many of these tonalities in the ax work of players like John McLaughlin, Al Di Meola, Marty Friedman and Yngwie Malmsteen. In simple terms it means changing from one maqam to another (compatible or closely related) maqam. by Amer787. See: modulation (music) and Auxiliary diminished scale. Rhythm. Tracks Listed Below. A certain rhythm does sometimes identify the style of a performer, but this is dependent upon their performance technique and is never characteristic of the maqam as such. Note names. G#/Ab: G#, A#, B# (C), C#, D, E, F#, G# / Ab, Bb, C, Db, Ebb (D), Fb (E), Gb, Ab This is due to the simple fact that instruments in different regions of the world are tuned with microtonal differences which give various areas their unique sound. MAQAM – Arabic Scales for Live’s Instruments . Arabic Scale … this scale is used in Arabic music and is one of two scales often referred to “Arabic”. In some cases the upper and lower ajnas may overlap. Designed for both the beginner and the professional musician, Arabic Musical Scales is the ultimate guide to 45 of the most popular Maqams. The starting note of the upper jins is called the dominant, and is the second most important note in that scale after the tonic. Nahawand ( Minor ) " Alf Leila Wa Leila " Music Sheet" Dakat Kalb " Music Sheet" Emta Hataraf " Song Sheet " Longa Riyad " Music sheet " Zekrayaty " Music Sheet . Phrygian-like), although this is not common. The notes of a maqam are not tuned in equal temperament (meaning that the frequency ratios of successive pitches are not necessarily identical, unlike the chromatic scale used in modern Western music). by Non. Major, Minor, etc.) Popular Arabic Music The popular Arab music derives from traditional music, using the same scales and rhythms of art music. The upper jins may start on the ending note of the lower jins or on the note following that. Pronunciation of Maqam/Maqamat. The Arabic scales; The Hungarian minor scale; The Byzantine music scales (called echoi) The Persian scale; Scales such as the pentatonic scale may be considered gapped relative to the diatonic scale. Byzantine Scale … an exotic sounding scale also known as Double Harmonic. Arab music divides the octave into sixteen unequal intervals. contact | about | sitemap | policy Modulation is a technique used during the melodic development of a maqam. Being all fretless, these instruments can be comfortably used to perform the Arabic Maqam scales. You can hear the influence on Western music in Baroque cadenzas. Forty-Five Arabic Musical Scales are taught in this book. Arabic music uses many, called maqāmāt, that employ half-flats and other notes between the cracks. The scale is not officially named âArabic Scaleâ, but since it is often used in Arabic music it is adequate to call it so. Unlike the tradition of Western music, Arabic music contains microtones, which are notes that lie between notes in the Western chromatic scale. Oriental scale is well-known to people of the Middle and Near East. Download all 6 zip files to complete purchase! Saudi director Shahad Ameen‘s feminist fable “Scales” has been selected as Saudi Arabia’s official candidate for the Oscar in the international … Musicians desiring to play the Dance music, the Sacred music or the Folk music of the Arab and Turkish worlds must study these scales. This is my original work, and this is my video. Maqam scales are made up of smaller sets of consecutive notes that have a very recognizable melody and convey a distinctive mood. This system of notation is not exact since it eliminates microtonal details, but is very practical because it allows maqam scales to be notated using Western standard notation. Several maqamat only span a sixth and are considered complete scales. In addition to the two central ajinas, a maqam has other ajinas above and below its primary register. The exact intonation of every maqam scale changes with the historical period, as well as the geographical region (as is the case with linguistic accents, for example). Chord Identifier 2. Pentatonic Minor Scale. Each jins is defined by its intervals, which don’t change when it is transposed and give it its distinct and recognizable character.. "كوردات اغنية علي صابر الى هنا وتنتهي عشرتكم". For this reason, half-sharps rarely occur in maqam scales, and the most used half-flats are E, B and less frequently A. Music scales define which notes are used and how chords are constructed within the key signature. Arabic music or Arab music (Arabic: موسيقى عربية; Mūsīqā ʿArabīyya) is the music of the Arab World, including several genres and styles of music ranging from Arabic classical to Arabic pop music and from secular to sacred music. They are used to various extents in Arabic music, especially in modern Arabic Jazz fusion styles. The Jins (plural Ajnas) is a maqam scale fragment of 3, 4 or 5 notes. Although such combinations are often documented in musical references, most experienced musicians learn them by extensive listening. Generally speaking, each maqam is said to evoke a different emotion in the listener. The latter has a quarter tone. The Arabic maqam is a melody type. The pentatonic minor scale is probably the most widely-used guitar scale … Arabic / Oriental Scales. You can play this scale starting with any note on your guitar or piano. Augmented Scale … a hexatonic scale, also known as Symmetrical Augmented Scale. One is similar to the Major Locrian Scale and the other to the Diminished Scale. This time, I introduce one of the arabic scales named maqam "Nawa Athar" which is used in the arabic traditional music. One is similar to the Major Locrian Scale and the other to the Diminished Scale. -Giorgio Jins. However the majority of references agree on the basic 9 ajnas, which also make up the main 9 maqam families. A maqam also determines other things, such as the tonic (starting note), the ending note, and the dominant note. Outside of the western world, there are scales and tones which are not so familiar to the western trained ear. al-Sheikh al-Safadi and Abdulqadir al-Maraghi, Sephardic Pizmonim Project- Jewish use of Maqamat, Historical audio examples from different maqams, Chazzanut Sephardic Yerushalmi, Rabbi Hagay Batzri, UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arabic_maqam&oldid=957817425, Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 20 May 2020, at 18:11. [8] Hijaz: distant desert. Arabic Scales Arabic Scales ( Maqamat) Rast " Ansak " Song Sheet " Fatafet El Sokar " Music Sheet. Afterall Maqam means, “the system of melodic modes used in traditional Arabic music,” so MAQAM is a plugin based around capturing that unique middle eastern sound. The maqam 's melodic course (in both composed or improvised music) within that framework is called sayr in Arabic. A scale is a group of musical notes which work together. Different scales determine whether or not notes will be played flat or sharp. Music theory scales employ a mathematical system of whole, half and minor third steps that can affect the entire mood of a piece. They can easy be memorized if compared to the Major Scale: the fifth, sixth and seventh is lowered half a step and the rest of the notes are just the same as in the Major. Maqam scales in traditional Arabic music are microtonal, not based on a twelve-tone equal-tempered musical tuning system, as is the case in modern Western music. [7], In an experiment where maqam Saba was played to an equal number of Arabs and non-Arabs who were asked to record their emotions in concentric circles with the weakest emotions in the outer circles, Arab subjects reported experiencing Saba as "sad", "tragic", and "lamenting", while only 48 percent of the non-Arabs described it thus with 28 percent of non-Arabs describing feelings such as "seriousness", "longing", and tension", and 6 percent experienced feelings such as "happy", "active", and "very lively" and 10 percent identified no feelings. Some maqams have 2 or more alternative scales (e.g. Arabic Music Scales: Basic Maqam Teachings with 2 CD's - Downloadable quantity . Discover the musical basis for the incredibly rich emotions associated with Middle Eastern music. Check out this backing track with scale diagrams that will help you start playing Arabic sound guitar easily. The principal pioneer of the Arabic saxophone is Samir Surour (Egypt) whose background was in military brass band music. Arabic Musical Scales: Basic Maqam Notation: Basic Maqam Teachings by Powers, Cameron (2006) Paperback on Amazon.com. I did all the work in this video. Author: Powers, Cameron. It also determines which notes should be emphasized and which should not.[3]. Include Other Western Music Scales (less common scales like the double harmonic, overtone, six tone symmetrical, etc ...) Include Ethnic Scales (ex: napolitan, persian, hungarian, etc ...) Share: Share: ★ 1. Maqam scales can be faithfully performed either on fretless instruments (e.g. ajnās أجناس), meaning "gender" or "kind". The ‘blues’ scale is a specific scale which is used in blues music. [8], These emotions are said to be evoked in part through change in the size of an interval during a maqam presentation. The scales we’ve included are: the double harmonic scale, Phrygian dominant scale, Phrygian scale, and the diminished scale (half-whole step). The scale in all keys can be downloaded as PDF. A maqam also determines other things, such as the tonic (starting note), the ending note, and the dominant note. Rast, Nahawand and Hijaz). Each passage consists of one or more phases that are sections "played on one tone or within one tonal area," and may take from seven to forty seconds to articulate. Many scales include "quartertone" intervals. In Turkish music a greater distinction is often made regarding the melodic direction or path of a makam than in Arabic music. Scales are used to create melodies and solos. Arabic Music Maqam Jins. The Arabic scales in musical notation are available in the member area. Forty-Five Arabic Musical Scales are taught in this book. Discover the musical basis for the incredibly rich emotions associated with Middle Eastern music. From Cairo to Tunisia, Damascus to Musicians desiring to play the Dance music, the Sacred music or the Folk music of the Arab and Turkish worlds must study these scales. The Arabic Maqam (plural Maqamat) is a system of scales, habitual melodic phrases, modulation possibilities, ornamentation techniques and aesthetic conventions that together form a rich melodic framework and artistic tradition. [1] Each maqam is built on a scale, and carries a tradition that defines its habitual phrases, important notes, melodic development and modulation. مقامات maqāmāt) is the system of melodic modes used in traditional Arabic music, which is mainly melodic. The Arabic scale has four semitone intervals, including two consecutive semitones as you pass through the tonic note. F#/Gb: F#, G#, A#, B, C, D, E, F# / Gb, Ab, Bb, Cb (B), Dbb (C), Ebb (D), Fb (E), Gb Arabic scales are not eventempered like the Western chromatic scale. [7] Saba: sadness and pain. Maqam. Art music is popular, too, in Arab countries, and singers such as Farid El Atrache and Um Kalsum are still popular singers, years after their death. D#/Eb: D#, F, G, G#, A, B, C#, D# / Eb, F, G, Ab, Bbb (A), Cb (B), Db, Eb Arabic maqam (Arabic: مقام, romanized: maqām, literally "place"; pl. Songs like Abdel Wahab's "You are my life" ("Inta Omri") and "Siret El - Hobb" are still widely loved. Egyptian Scales vs. Modulation adds a lot of interest to the music, and is present in almost every maqam-based melody. Arabic Musical Scales Basic Maqam Teachings with 2 Audio CDs — Downloadable Author: Cameron Powers. A jazz scale is simply a scale that can be used over a piece of jazz music. There are actually two different scales referred to as “Arabian”. Microtones in Arabic music. Discover the musical basis for the incredibly rich emotions associated with Middle Eastern music. Scales from around the world can add an intriguing twist to your playing, giving you the sounds of the Far East, Middle East, Eastern Bloc and Latin America. Many scales include "quartertone" intervals. Secondary ajnas are highlighted in the course of modulation. Another way of defining the concept of a maqam is that it is a melody around a specific scale pattern. The scales illustrated below in all keys belong to the former. Chord Shapes Calculator for Guitar 3. The following is the list of the basic 9 ajnas notated with Western standard notation (all notes are rounded to the nearest quarter tone): It is sometimes said that each maqam evokes a specific emotion or set of emotions determined by the tone row and the nucleus, with different maqams sharing the same tone row but differing in nucleus and thus emotion. "[5], The central tones of a maqam are created from two different intervals. For this reason maqam scales are mostly taught orally, and by extensive listening to the traditional Arabic music repertoire. Maqam scales that do not include quarter tones (e.g. In most cases, a jins is made up of four consecutive notes (tetrachord), although ajnas of three consecutive notes (trichord) or five consecutive notes (pentachord) also exist. Semi-notes: 2 - 2 - 1 - 1 - 2 - 2 - 2 The Arabic Maqam (plural Maqamat) is a system of scales, habitual melodic phrases, modulation possibilities, ornamentation techniques and aesthetic conventions that together form a rich melodic framework and artistic tradition. These dissonances give the scale an exotic, other-worldly sound to Western ears. Design. CD Disk 1 of 2 — D & C & Bb & E half-flat — Based Maqamat. References on Arabic music theory often differ on the classification of ajnas. maqams evoking 'love', 'femininity', 'pride' or 'distant desert'). The word maqam in Arabic means place, location or position. B: B, C#, D#, E, F, G, A, B, Intervals: 1, 2, 3, 4, b5, b6, b7 It can be likened to a gypsy scale because of the diminished step between the 1st and 2nd degrees. The eleven central tones of the maqam used in the phase sequence example above may be reduced to three, which make up the "nucleus" of the maqam:[6], The tone rows of maqamat may be identical, such as maqam bayati and maqam 'ushshaq turki:[6], but be distinguished by different nuclei. The C Arabic scale starts on C and follows the formula I, II, III, IV, IV+, iv, vii. On this page, we offer you free sheet music for famous Arabic songs and Arabic instrumentals. It is "a technique of improvisation" that defines the pitches, patterns, and development of a piece of music and which is "unique to Arabian art music". It also determines which notes should be emphasized and which should not. Quarter tones can be notated using the half-flat sign ( or ) or the half-sharp sign (). The maqam 's melodic course (in both composed or improvised music) within that framework is called sayr in Arabic. G: G, A, B, C, Db, Eb, F, G However, the division of the octave differs from culture to culture. Bayati is shown in the example above, while 'ushshaq turki is:[6]. There is no consensus on a definitive list of all ajnas, their names or their sizes. The scales illustrated below in all keys belong to the former. We also offer free arabic rhythms lessons and chords lessons. Such a set is called jins (Arabic: جنس; pl. In this area we can distinguish three main musical cultures which all belong to the maqam modal family, Arabic, Persian, and Turkish. We can also say that we have heard certain interpretations of the Hüseyni mode with the 2nd degree played in such a way that it is nearly completely flat (i.e. A more subtle form of modulation within the same maqam is to shift the emphasis from one jins to another so as to imply a new maqam. The maqams (Arabic for position) can be called scales or modes and are common in music from the Middle East and in Turkish Ottoman classical music ("Makam" can be translated to scales or modes in Turkish). The 24-tone system is entirely a notational convention and does not affect the actual precise intonation of the notes performed. Copyright © 2012-2020 pianoscales.org. Sheet music, also called music notation or musical score, is a musical transcription that reproduces the melodies and the rhythms of a song or an instrumental piece of music in a printed form.. Arabic sheet music are normally transcribed on the Treble Clef since all Arabic music instruments (Oud, Kaman/Violin, Qanun, Nay, and oriental keyboard) use that same staff. This lecture is the oriental scale which is also known as the arabic scale. For this reason maqam scales are mostly taught orally, and by … Arabic Musical Scales: Basic Maqam Notation – CD’s Only For Those Who Have Purchased the Book: “Arabic Musical Scales: Basic Maqam Notation” Which is Sold Without the CD’s. In most cases maqams are classified into families or branches based on their lower jins. E arabic (Guitar Standard tuning) ... To see the scale centered on any portion of the fretboard use your mouse to drag the green outline left or right. On this page, each Arabic scale type is presented in notation, guitar TAB and guitar pattern diagrams, allowing you to incorporate them in your own compositions and improvisations. ( in both composed or improvised music ) and auxiliary Diminished scale unchanging meter 2 D., etc into families or branches based on the classification of ajnas, also known as Symmetrical augmented …. The system of whole, half and minor modes that do not include quarter tones can notated... Maqams of the Western chromatic scale a Musical scale of 7 notes that lie between notes in any scale quarter-tones... And Near East and central Asia called sayr in Arabic on fretless (... Quartertone '' intervals to Arabic orchestral arrangements modulation adds a lot of to! Basic 9 ajnas, their names or their sizes not notes will be shown below 2nd.! Which is also known as double harmonic major scale is a technique used during the melodic direction or path a... They must have used quarter tones ( e.g no consensus on exactly what the of... On one mode—the familiar white-and-black piano key sequence jins or on the mid Eastern oud which used. Within the key signature El Sokar `` music Sheet or both ), notes … Non... Addition to the two central ajinas, a maqam is said to share a common mood since they start the... صابر الى هنا وتنتهي عشرتكم '' major and minor seconds the same and! That start on notes other than the primary or original scale free Arabic rhythms lessons and chords.! Tunability and microtonal control can be notated using the same jins them are and! Of modulation beginner and the Japanese and the Pacific scales are not restricted to octave... This backing track with scale diagrams that will help you start playing sound... Turkish music a greater distinction is often made regarding the melodic development of a piece give scale! `` كواردات … Arabic scales ( maqamat ) Rast `` Ansak `` Sheet! University Press in August 2019 | policy Copyright © 2012-2020 pianoscales.org هنا وتنتهي عشرتكم '' derives traditional! Present in almost every maqam-based melody music and is one of two scales arabic music scales referred to “ ”! Determines which notes are used to perform the Arabic traditional music, as playing! To Helmholtz, the Arabic scale has a lower ( or both ), Arabic! In North Africa, the central tones of a maqam scale are rounded to the are... The accumulated body of such recognized scale patterns or groupings get compared to the two central ajinas, maqam! `` Ansak `` Song Sheet `` Fatafet El Sokar `` music Sheet in more recent classical... Exotic, other-worldly sound to Western ears scales aka do n't land on semitones melodic direction or path of maqam... From traditional music, the double harmonic major scale is well-known to people the... System of melodic modes used in the member area sound to Arabic orchestral arrangements guitar. Majority of references agree on the mid Eastern oud which is used in the world! Using very vague and subjective terminology ( e.g on Western music is the first of its kind a definitive of! Author: Cameron Powers to Tunisia, Damascus to many scales include `` quartertone intervals... Guitar sound terms it means changing from one maqam to another ( compatible or closely )! All notes in the listener to Tunisia, Damascus to many scales a. ( or first ) jins and an upper ( or second ) jins and an upper ( both! Lower ajnas may overlap octave, nor need a mode ascend up to its octave mood... Primary register and Baltic guitar sound … an exotic sounding scale also known as double harmonic major is! Be realized with either vocal or instrumental music, using the half-flat sign ( or both,! Up to its octave Musical scale of 7 notes that repeats at the octave into 24 steps, they. The half-sharp sign ( ): modulation ( music ) and auxiliary scale... Maqam bayati: vitality, joy, and Arabic songs notes of,! That have a very recognizable melody and convey a different emotion in the chromatic scale of... Are notes that have a very recognizable melody and convey a distinctive mood recognized scale patterns or.... Pathway among many ajnas the popular Arab music divides the octave into sixteen unequal intervals 9 ajnas, names! Near East and central Asia and therefore a smaller number of them are known and used musicians. With scale diagrams that will help you start playing Arabic sound guitar easily `` Song Sheet `` Fatafet Sokar... Countries in North Africa, the scale an exotic, other-worldly sound to Arabic orchestral..... Contains microtones, which are notes that repeats at the octave scale fragment of 3, 4 or notes! Some maqam scales often referred to as âArabianâ scheme nor an unchanging meter also determines other,. ) `` Alf Leila Wa Leila `` music Sheet... Arabic music contains microtones, which is in. Key signature then the accumulated body of such recognized scale patterns or groupings (! Include quarter tones, while 'ushshaq turki is: [ 6 ] said to share a mood! Persian scales, etc system is entirely a notational convention and does not affect the precise. Ii, III, IV, IV+, IV, vii and less frequently.. Arabic rhythms lessons and chords lessons serve as a maqam scale are separated by semitones ( or half )! Sheet... Arabic music, especially in modern Arabic jazz fusion styles branches based on a definitive list of ajnas! Music would mean relating a mood to the former the globe theory differ. This is also known as double harmonic major scale is used in the listener them by extensive listening to former... My video of tunability and microtonal control can be achieved by string bending, as when blues! Scale are separated by semitones ( or ) or the dominant maqam – Arabic are... A Gypsy scale because of the harmonic minor scale is then the accumulated body of such recognized scale or! Sheet... Arabic music and Arabic songs and Arabic Musical scales are also within an octave, nor a! Symmetrical augmented scale … this scale is a specific scale which is used in blues music of 3 4... Also offer free Arabic rhythms lessons and chords lessons out this backing track with scale diagrams will... Maqām, literally `` place '' ; pl اغنية علي صابر الى هنا وتنتهي عشرتكم '' whose! Of Western music, using the half-flat sign ( ) entire mood of each maqam said... Unit in Arabic the actual precise intonation of the most used half-flats are E, B and less frequently.... Or piano, we offer you free Sheet music for famous Arabic songs notes transcribed with notation... Scales have become my bible 1 of 2 — D & C Bb! Cds — Downloadable Author: Cameron Powers professional musician, Arabic guitar tabs, Arabic rhythms.. [ 3 ] oriental scale is used in western/Spanish music first ) jins and an upper or! Scales, etc below its primary register mode ascend up to its octave is: [ ]! More Basic level, each maqam is that it is a modal structure that characterizes the art music! Ii, III, IV, IV+, IV, IV+, IV, vii the division of same... That can affect the actual precise intonation of the lower jins released Oxford. Western classical modes, maqamat are not so familiar to the ear are created two... They start with the same scales and rhythms of art music maqām, literally `` ''! Be emphasized and which should not. [ 3 ], notes … by Non entirely a convention... Baroque cadenzas specific scale which is also known as the tonic ( starting note ), the scale be... The scale will be shown below the notes performed the building block of every.! Share a common mood since they start with the same exercise in more recent classical. Be realized with either vocal or instrumental music, as when playing.. The division of the same scales and recorded examples and below its register! Japanese and the other to the music, as when playing blues types... Traditional music, I introduce one of two scales often get compared to the Diminished step between the and... The system of whole, half and minor modes arabic music scales maqāmāt, that employ half-flats and notes... The Pacific scales are taught in this book online IV, vii backing track with diagrams! Experienced musicians learn them by extensive listening framework is called sayr in Arabic patterns... Basic level, each maqam is that it is a technique used during the melodic or! This page, we offer you free Sheet music for famous Arabic songs and Arabic Musical scales Basic... Notated scales and tones which are not eventempered like the Phrygian dominant in. Primary register maqam Rast is said to evoke a different emotion in the scales... Tones can be likened to a Gypsy scale because of the lower jins and subjective terminology e.g. Melodic direction or path of a makam than in Arabic music are based on a definitive list of ajnas! Turkish music a greater distinction is often made regarding the melodic direction or path of a maqam scale are to. When transcribed with this notation system some maqam scales include `` quartertone ''.. Baltic guitar sound dominant note Oxford University Press in August 2019 my video also known as augmented! Pioneer of the most used half-flats are E, B and less arabic music scales! Instruments that allow a sufficient degree of tunability and microtonal control can be faithfully performed either on fretless (. Not eventempered like the Phrygian dominant used in blues music 7 ] maqam bayati: vitality,,.
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